Armenia

In Armenia, safeguarding frameworks for children and adults are established through national legislation and supported by social welfare services, though practical implementation remains uneven. The Law on the Rights of the Child and the Law on Social Protection of Children without Parental Care provide the legal basis for child protection, with mechanisms in place to respond to abuse, neglect, and exploitation. Adult safeguarding, particularly for women, the elderly, and individuals with disabilities, is addressed through laws such as the Law on Social Assistance and domestic violence legislation adopted in recent years. However, underreporting of domestic abuse, social stigma, and limited access to services in rural areas remain prevailing issues. Armenian students may come from communities where safeguarding concerns are addressed privately or are not widely discussed, which can lead to hesitation in engaging with formal support structures in the UK. Understanding the cultural context of privacy, family honour, and mistrust in state systems is key to supporting Armenian students effectively.

Mental health in Armenia is gradually gaining recognition as a public health priority, but stigma and limited infrastructure still affect how individuals seek and receive care. Mental illness is often perceived as a sign of personal weakness or family shame, particularly in traditional or conservative communities. While Armenia has integrated mental health into its primary healthcare system and offers psychiatric services through public and private providers, there is a shortage of trained professionals and a lack of widespread mental health education. Many individuals turn to family or spiritual leaders rather than professional counsellors. Armenian students in the UK may be aware of mental health issues but reluctant to access support due to cultural stigma, fear of being misunderstood, or concerns about confidentiality. UK university professionals can help by offering culturally sensitive, discreet wellbeing services and by framing mental health care in a way that aligns with values such as resilience, personal growth, and academic success. Visible, non-judgmental support—paired with active outreach—can encourage greater engagement from Armenian students.