Iran

In Iran, safeguarding frameworks for children and vulnerable adults are established through national legislation, though enforcement can vary, and cultural and religious norms often shape how protection is understood and accessed. The Law on the Protection of Children and Adolescents (amended in 2020) provides a legal basis for responding to abuse, neglect, and exploitation, while the Islamic Penal Code and family law govern adult protection in contexts such as domestic violence or elder care. However, deep-rooted cultural attitudes around family honour, modesty, and privacy can discourage individuals from seeking outside help, particularly in cases involving emotional or sexual harm. Iranian students in the UK may be familiar with legal structures but could be hesitant to disclose personal or family-related concerns to university staff, fearing judgement, loss of dignity, or social consequences.

Mental health in Iran is gaining more recognition, especially among young people, but stigma remains a significant barrier to open dialogue and early help-seeking. Mental illness is sometimes associated with shame or moral weakness, and in more conservative communities, distress may be interpreted as a religious or personal failing. While mental health services are available in Iran’s healthcare system, access can be limited by social stigma, regional disparities, and a shortage of psychologists and counsellors. Iranian students in the UK may be academically driven and resilient but could struggle with homesickness, stress, or cultural adjustment while being reluctant to reach out for help. UK university professionals can support these students by offering confidential, culturally sensitive wellbeing services that are framed as supportive tools for managing transitions, achieving academic goals, and building emotional strength. Creating low-barrier entry points—such as peer support, online resources, or informal wellbeing workshops—alongside respectful, private communication can help build trust and encourage students to engage with support early and meaningfully.