Italy

In Italy, safeguarding systems for children and vulnerable adults are well-established and grounded in national legislation and social services, with strong alignment to EU standards. Child protection is primarily governed by the Italian Civil Code, the Law 184/1983 (foster care and adoption), and supported by regional social welfare services. Safeguarding responsibilities are shared across social workers, educators, health professionals, and the judiciary. For adults, particularly women, elderly individuals, and those with disabilities, legal protections are provided through measures such as the Anti-Violence Law (Law 119/2013) and the Law on the Rights of People with Disabilities. Italian students are likely to be familiar with these formal systems and expect institutions to provide support. However, cultural values around family autonomy, discretion, and personal dignity may influence how and when students seek help—many may prefer to manage issues within their close social or family circles rather than through formal reporting or institutional mechanisms.

Mental health in Italy has become increasingly central to public health discussions, especially following the country’s progressive mental health reform in 1978, which closed psychiatric hospitals in favour of community-based services. Today, mental health care is integrated into the national health service, and awareness is growing, particularly among young people. That said, stigma around mental illness still persists, especially in more traditional or rural settings, and emotional difficulties may be minimised or managed privately. Italian students in the UK may be aware of counselling services and open to support, particularly if it is framed in practical or academic terms, but some may hesitate due to concerns about confidentiality, social perceptions, or unfamiliarity with UK-style counselling models. UK university professionals can support these students by offering professional, confidential, and student-centred mental health services, using clear, respectful language and normalising support as part of academic success and personal development. Flexible entry points such as peer support, workshops, or informal wellbeing resources can also help reduce barriers and promote engagement.